Thermal Impact by Open-Loop Geothermal Heat Pump Systems in Two Different Local Underground Conditions on the Alluvial Fan of the Nagara River, Gifu City, Central Japan

An alluvial fan is a good area to install open-loop geothermal heat pump (GHP) systems due shallower aquifers, faster groundwater flow, and fewer land subsidence risks. The natural temperature change in occurs fans the recharge of river water thermal impact system has not been studied well such areas. purpose this research understand GHP on an fan. A regional 3D model flow with transport was created determine distribution velocity groundwater. After that, two local models different velocities were constructed demonstrate using one extraction injection well. results indicated that had smaller impact. causes be lower summer higher winter during operation model, flow.